When people plan a trip to Japan, they often think of popular cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, or Osaka. Some imagine beautiful temples, neon lights, or sushi restaurants. While these are all wonderful experiences, there is another side of Japan that is just as fascinating—its castles.
In this blog, we’ll introduce some of Japan’s most famous castles, along with a few hidden gems that many tourists miss. You’ll discover what makes each one special and how to plan your visit. Whether you’re a history lover, a photography fan, or simply curious about Japanese culture, visiting castles is a memorable way to experience the heart of Japan.
Why Visit Japanese Castles?
Japanese castles are not only beautiful—they are full of meaning, history, and clever design. Visiting them is a great way to understand Japan’s past and culture. Let’s look at what makes them special.
Cultural Significance and Architecture
Japanese castles were often built as symbols of power. They showed the strength and status of the local lord. Their tall stone bases, white plaster walls, and wooden towers are not just pretty—they were designed to protect the people inside. The curved roofs and unique shapes also reflect traditional Japanese design.
Many castles were built to fit perfectly into their natural surroundings, like on a hill, near a river, or surrounded by cherry trees. Today, they continue to inspire artists, filmmakers, and travelers from all over the world.
Role in Samurai History and Feudal Japan
In the age of the samurai, Japan was divided into many regions ruled by powerful families. Castles were the center of each region, both as military strongholds and homes for the samurai lords, or daimyo. Battles often took place around these castles, and many famous historical events happened within their walls.
When you walk through a castle today, you are walking through places where real warriors lived, planned, and fought.
What Makes Japanese Castles Unique (vs. European Castles)
Unlike European castles, which were usually made of heavy stone and built to stop large armies, Japanese castles were often lighter and more flexible. They used wood and stone together, and the design focused on defense through clever layout—like confusing pathways, hidden gates, and high watchtowers.
Instead of huge banquet halls, Japanese castles had tatami rooms and simple elegance. While European castles feel grand and strong, Japanese castles feel balanced, smart, and connected to nature.
Japan’s Most Popular Castles Among Tourists
Many travelers start their castle journey with the most famous ones. These castles are popular for a reason—they are beautiful, easy to access, and full of interesting stories.
Himeji Castle (Hyogo) – Japan’s Most Iconic Castle
Himeji Castle is often called the most beautiful castle in Japan. Its white walls and elegant design have earned it the nickname “White Heron Castle.” From far away, it looks like a bird spreading its wings.
It is one of the few castles in Japan that has never been destroyed by war, fire, or earthquake. Because of this, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a National Treasure.
Visitors can walk through wooden hallways, climb steep stairs, and look out over the town from the top floor. The castle is also surrounded by gardens and cherry trees, making it a great place to visit in spring. Himeji Castle is not just pretty—it shows the strong history and smart design of Japan’s feudal era.
How to Get There:
The castle is a 15-minute walk from the Himeji Station.
Osaka Castle (Osaka) – A Symbol of Power and Resilience
Osaka Castle is located in the middle of a modern city. It is large and bold, with green roofs and golden decorations that shine in the sun. It was built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, one of Japan’s most powerful leaders.
The castle played an important role in unifying the country during a time of war. Although the original castle was destroyed, it was rebuilt and now includes a museum inside. Visitors can learn about Japanese battles, samurai life, and the history of Osaka.
Outside the castle, there is a large park with trees, open spaces, and even a moat. It is a popular spot for both tourists and local people to relax. The mix of history and modern life makes Osaka Castle a unique place to visit.
How to Get There:
From Osaka Station, take the JR Osaka Loop Line to Osakajokoen Station. The castle is a 10-minute walk from there.
Lesser-Known Castles with Fascinating History
Japan has many famous castles, but some of the most interesting ones are lesser-known. These castles are often quieter, more peaceful, and full of unique charm. Visiting them can be a special and unforgettable part of your trip.
Maruoka Castle (Fukui) – Japan’s Oldest Surviving Keep
Maruoka Castle is small, but very special. It is believed to have the oldest surviving original keep in Japan, built in 1576. While many castles were destroyed and later rebuilt, Maruoka Castle still keeps its original wooden tower.
You can feel the age in the wooden floors and walls as you walk inside. Because it is not a big tourist spot, it is usually quiet. You can take your time to explore and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere. In spring, the cherry blossoms around the castle are especially beautiful. Local people love this spot, and many say it’s one of Fukui’s hidden treasures.
How to Get There:
Take a train to Fukui Station, then transfer to a local bus to Maruoka. From the bus stop, it’s about a 10-minute walk.
Bitchu Matsuyama Castle (Okayama) – A Castle in the Sky
This castle is famous for its location—on top of a mountain. It is often called “the castle in the sky” because, on some mornings, clouds cover the mountain and make the castle look like it’s floating.
It’s one of only 12 castles in Japan that still have their original keep. To get there, you need to hike or take a shuttle partway up the mountain. The walk is part of the fun, as you pass through forest paths and old stone steps. When you reach the top, the view is amazing. You can see the town below and feel like a samurai looking out over the land.
How to Get There:
Take a train to Bitchu-Takahashi Station. From there, take a shuttle bus or taxi partway, then hike 20 minutes up the mountain.
Matsue Castle (Shimane) – Lakeside Elegance and Samurai Legacy
Matsue Castle is one of the few remaining original castles, and it stands near the calm waters of Lake Shinji. It has a dark wooden exterior and strong stone base, giving it a powerful and elegant look.
The castle was built in the early 1600s and has never been destroyed. Inside, you can climb to the top and enjoy a great view of the lake and city. The castle also has exhibits about local history and samurai culture.
Nearby, you can take a boat ride around the old castle moat or visit samurai residences. Matsue Castle offers a deep, quiet experience for those who want to explore Japan beyond the big cities.
How to Get There:
Take a train to Matsue Station. The castle is about a 10-minute bus ride or 25-minute walk from the station.
Planning Your Castle Trip in Japan
Visiting Japanese castles can be one of the highlights of your trip. With so many options, it helps to plan ahead. Here are some tips to make your castle journey easy, fun, and unforgettable.
Best Seasons to Visit
The best times to visit castles in Japan are spring and autumn. In spring (March to April), cherry blossoms bloom around many castles, creating a magical scene. Some places even hold festivals during this time, with food stalls, music, and traditional performances.
In autumn (October to November), colorful leaves make the castle parks look beautiful and peaceful. The weather is also cool and comfortable, perfect for walking. Summer can be hot and humid, and winter may be icy in some areas—so spring and autumn are the most popular and enjoyable seasons.
Local Experiences Near Each Castle arranged by MOTENAS JAPAN
#1 Himeji Castle × Tea Ceremony in a Traditional Garden
Join a peaceful tea ceremony near the castle, where you can experience Japanese hospitality in a beautiful garden setting.
#2 Osaka Castle × Kimono Rental & Walking Tour
Dress in a kimono and stroll through Osaka Castle Park while learning about the history and culture of the area.
#3 Maruoka Castle × Japanese Calligraphy Workshop
Try your hand at traditional calligraphy in a quiet studio near the castle, guided by a local artist.
#4 Bitchu Matsuyama Castle × Zen Meditation Experience
Start your morning with a calming meditation session at a nearby temple before hiking up to the castle.
#5 Matsue Castle × Boat Ride Around the Moat
Enjoy a relaxing boat ride that circles the castle, offering a unique view of the historic stone walls and surrounding nature.
More Than Just Stone Walls
Japanese castles are more than just old buildings—they are living memories of people who lived, ruled, and protected these lands.
Each castle tells its own story, and walking through them lets you feel Japan’s deep cultural roots. Whether it’s the grandeur of Himeji or the quiet charm of Maruoka, each visit becomes a personal connection to the past.
We hope this blog has inspired you to explore these historic places. Add a castle—or two—to your travel list and discover the spirit of Japan beyond the cities.
Mami is a Tokyo-based writer and mom who creates gentle, accessible English content about Japanese culture.
